AFP Tumor Marker Test: Alpha-Fetoprotein Explained
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein made by the fetal liver and yolk sac. In adults, AFP can be used as a tumor marker for certain liver and germ cell tumors, and it is sometimes monitored during treatment. AFP is also used in pregnancy screening, where it is interpreted very differently. Mild elevations can occur with liver disease such as hepatitis or cirrhosis even without cancer, and AFP can be normal in some cancers, so it is always interpreted with imaging and other tests.
Key Takeaways
- Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein made by the fetal liver and yolk sac.
- In adults, AFP can be used as a tumor marker for certain liver and germ cell tumors.
- AFP is also used in pregnancy screening, where it is interpreted differently.
- Mild elevations can occur with liver disease even without cancer.
- AFP is interpreted with imaging and other tests, not on its own.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is AFP used for?
In adults it is used mainly to help evaluate and monitor certain liver and germ cell tumors. In pregnancy it is part of screening for fetal conditions.
Can liver disease raise AFP?
Yes. Hepatitis and cirrhosis can cause mild AFP elevations without cancer.
Can I order an AFP test directly?
Availability varies. If ordered, the result should be reviewed by a clinician who knows your history.
Does a normal AFP rule out cancer?
No. AFP can be normal in some cancers, so it is used with imaging and other evaluations.
Sources
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